Lynn Zhang | MOOS

Lynn Z

Work

Resume

Etc.

About

MOOS

Service Design for Discarded Masks

Individual Project

User Experience & Service Design

2021.05 — Ongoing

Duration

Team

May 2021 — Ongoing

Myself

My Role

As the

Project Owner & Service Designer

, I independently carried out the whole process of the project from problem discovery and idea exploration to design and deliverables.

Research:

Desktop Research, Field Research, User Interview, Questionnaire, Competitive Analysis, Habit Testing, and Research Analysis

Design:

Ideation sketching, Product Modeling, Wireframing, Visual Identity, Prototyping, Service Blueprint, Storyboard, Interaction & Visual Design

Project Overview

Context

Problem

Solution

MOOS was conceived in 2021 during the prevalence of the Covid19 outbreak. The demand for masks has soared, but the disposal of discarded masks has not captured the attention and follow-up.

Public awareness of sustainability is stimulated through the offline mask processing devices integrated with an online app that discloses the process and creates incentives fitting the hook model. In phase II, NFT is introduced to engage and motivate users.

Non-transparent recycling process

leaves the public frustrated with the recycling system

The public is exposed to

unclear guidelines

for discarding discarded masks

Uninspired public awareness of sustainability

lacks public promotion and participation

in mask recycling

Solution Preview

Process

DISCOVER

DESIGN

DELIVER

KICK-OFF

Start Point

External Pollution Prevention

Privacy Protection

Social Stress Blocker

Medical Use

Changes in

the Role of Mask

Composition & Characteristics

GROWING PUBLIC CONCERN ABOUT MASKS

Masks were originally used to protect objects from contamination. As they became more widely used, they began to be used to protect users from the outside environment.

The COVID-19 outbreak has put masks in the spotlight. How- ever, the increasingly common use of masks is transforming into an environmental pollution problem. How to dispose of discarded masks is an urgent issue.

NON-WOVEN FABRICS

HIGH DENSITY FILTER LAYER

DIRECT CONTACT SKIN LAYER

The textile layer is made of fibers, characterized by foam resistance, good aeration, and lightness.

The ultra-fine electrostatic fiber cloth consists of

polypropylene

that captures dust, filters, and prevents germs up to 99.999%. It is the principle of isolation of germs.

The textile layer is made of fibers, characterized by water absorption and air permeability.

Desktop Research - Mask Disposal in China

Reuse

The physical form of the mask is retained.

Mask is processed into new material by means of crushing, liquefaction and melting.

Recycle

INDUSTRY

INDIVIDUAL

TRADITIONAL & CURRENT TREATMENT

CIRCULAR ECONOMY WAY

China is the largest producer and exporter of masks, accounting for 50% of the global annual production.

The existing disposal of waste masks has the following steps.

The daily use of masks per person has increased significantly due to the medical needs of COVID-19.

Where are discarded masks

from

Where are discarded masks

Desktop Research - Mask Pollution

At least 1.56 billion masks ended up in the ocean in 2020, according to OceansAsia.

Polypropylene, used in masks, takes over 400 years to naturally degrade or hydrolyze.

According to the WHO, 129 billion masks were used every month during COVID-19. Even after the epidemic, at least 533 million masks are being used every day in China. Based on the average weight of a disposable mask of 5 grams, China produces 2,600 tons of medical waste every day.

Field Research in Shanghai

Public Transport

Catering Service

Garbage Sorting

The Shanghai government has enforced a policy of wearing masks on public transport, which involves 10.1 million passengers a day on 18 metro lines.

Service workers, who make up 70% of Shanghai's workforce, are required to wear masks, especially catering servers.

Shanghai was the first city in China to implement a garbage sorting policy, with each residential area having a garbage sorting station, which is managed with the help of the neighborhood committee.

Persona-Based Journey Map

A specific platform for buying masks needs to be created, ideally with comparisons and instructions for mask selection.

Tips about carrying the mask need to be promoted, such as whether folding it into pockets is clean.

The social interaction blocked by the masks needs to be fixed.

Cross-infection knowledge ab- out worn masks needs to be widespread.

The sorting of masks needs to be emphasized and promoted.

He buys online and stores masks for 2-3 months.

He only wears a mask when he commutes to work and uses the same one day and night.

He just puts it in the bag.

He doesn't pay attention to it and throws masks in the trash bins at the subway station.

Her masks are distributed by her company.

She is required to wear a mask during work time for about 8 hours a day.

She has a unique pocket for masks to store.

She takes the masks home and drops them off at a nearby recycling site.

She doesn't buy her masks, but her children do.

She usually doesn't wear a mask, and even when she does, she wears it repeatedly.

She puts it in her pants pocket.

She knows the sorting of trash, but she can't tell if masks are medical waste or not.

Purchase Habit

User Habit

Keep Habit

Dispose Habit

Purchase Habit

User Habit

Keep Habit

Dispose Habit

Purchase Habit

User Habit

Keep Habit

Dispose Habit

Jack

Lisa

Chen

It's difficult to communicate on the subway.

I often forget to wear a mask when I go out.

I know all about sorting trash, but I'm not sure about masks.

Questionnaire

I designed an online questionnaire to ask people about the awareness, use, and disposal of masks.

View the entire questionnaire

View raw participant packets

Questionnaire Analysis

Knowledge of Masks

The Most Common Places to Discard Masks

Attitudes to Environmental Activities

Further Research - Mask Recycling System in Shanghai

Swot Analysis

The availability of sorting bins in public places raises citizens' aware-ness of environmental protection.

Mask recycling knowledge is not widespread, and the style of the garbage cans is not consistent.

The mask recycling system can take reference from the existing waste recycling system.

As the epidemic gets better and the use of masks decreases, the recycl- ing of masks will decrease.

Strengths

Weaknesses

Opportunities

Threats

Insight

Existing and universal disposal systems for discarded masks are defective.

People's habits about discarding masks have also changed considerably.

In Shanghai, there is a generally positive attitude towards environmental activities and regulations.

TO MAXIMIZE UTILIZATION

CHANGING HABITS

ENVIRONMENT WILLINGNESS

How Might We Improve the Mask Recycling Program Based on the Existing System?

Reframed Question

Ideation

LOGICAL MINDMAP

FREQUENCY OF BEHAVIOR

CHINESE SPECIFIC BEHAVIORAL PSYCHOLOGY

WEAKNESSES OF COMPARISON SYSTEMS

If a behavior occurs frequently enough, it becomes habitual.

Public recognition encourages the Chinese to regulate their behavior voluntarily.

Comparative systems have single incentives and little information is available to the public.

Complete Mask Recycling

Get Reward

Long-Term Behavior & Habit Formation

short-term behavior

user goals

design purpose

Information

-mask-related information

Socialization

-ranking & friend recognition

Entity

-coupon

Self

-environment identity

Reference

Wang Can, an expert on the legislation of garbage classification, pointed out that the main reason for the incomplete legislation of garbage classification is the lack of publicity and education.

According to Mao Da, policy advisor of the Zero Waste Alliance, this requires citizens to understand the current situation of garbage collection including the classification, flow, and product.

The conditioned reflexes that arise in the unconscious are stored in the basal ganglia in the form of habits. Habits are developed when the brain does not actively consider what to do next.

Ritual is the core of Confucius' thought, leading to a deep-rooted sense of rules and reinforcing the sense of shame, leading Chinese people to develop good habits.

Reference: < Neurological plasticity & habituation >

Reference: < The Analects of Confucius >

FROM A

NEUROLOGIC PERSPECTIVE

, HOW ARE

HABITS FORMED

FROM A

CULTURE PERSPECTIVE

, HOW ARE

HABITS FORMED

Understand Situation

Trust Propaganda

Actively Participate In

The Chinese Character For The Rite

Competitive Analysis - Existing Innovative Recycling Systems

Express Carton Recycling

La Bouteille D'eau En Pet

Multi-Dimensional Comparison

Opportunity

Explore Triggers & Rewards

Be Continuously Hooked

Approached Goals

Comparative Analysis

The cartons are recycled after receiving the courier and are disinfected and reused in the courier industry.

PET bottles reduce energy use in industrial recycling by 50% and can be 100% recycled.

Permeate popularization of science and process disclosure in motivation.

Help the public go through a process from awareness of mask disposal to related recycling.

To achieve mask-related sustainability by increasing citizen participation and pop- ularizing the system.

Design Theory of Hook Model

FROM A

BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS PERSPECTIVE

, WHAT ARE

THE INCENTIVES FOR HABIT FORMATION

From a comprehensive view of the fields of consumer psychology, human-computer interaction, and behavioral economics, the hook model is a loop process and can be summarized as above.

Reference: < Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products >

LEGEND

Included Content

Element

What gives me an inspiration

Habit & Behavior Conversion Testing Based on Hook Model

PHASE 1

PHASE 2

PHASE 3

IDENTIFY

CODIFY

MODIFY

Aim:

Method:

Aim:

Method:

Aim:

Method:

Identify the Users' Triggers

Desirability Testing

Learn about Incentives for Users

Interview & TAM

Redefine Concepts

Brainstorm

Final Concept

Based on psychological incentives, MOOS aims to explore the possibilities of improving people's behavior in discarding disposable masks through the integration of the online app and offline devices.

various rewards

self- processing

disclosed process

unified recovery

System Map

Information Flow

Fund Flow

Material Flow

Legend

Offline Device Design

Sketch

Client & Service

Back End

QR Code Scanner

Feed Inlet

Pulverizer

Debris Bin

Sidewalls

Gravity Sensor

Collect QR codes to get and confirm users' data.

With a certain angle of inlet design, 3~5 masks can be put in each time.

Provide efficient and timely disposal of masks.

Help back-end staff to recycle debris quickly.

Through sidewalls, the public is informed of the amount of mask debris in the bin.

Converts gravity into a signal in the background and displays capacity information.

Mockup

Online App Design

Information Architecture

Based on the information architecture, I designed a low-fi wireframe diagram and conducted user AB tests. The following are the results of the tests with the key task flow.

Visual Identity

Logo

IP Image

Color Palette

Font

M stands for the mask. The name is taken from the crushing sound of the device in operation, and the design is inspired by the conversion from masks to pieces.